Sharpshooter synonym1/2/2024 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Ībbreviations: CDS, protein-coding gene LPS, lipopolysaccharide pI, isoelectric point SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism Received: OctoAccepted: ApPublished: June 6, 2006Ĭopyright: © 2006 Wu et al. (2006) Metabolic Complementarity and Genomics of the Dual Bacterial Symbiosis of Sharpshooters. Funding was from National Science Foundation Biocomplexity grants 99785737.Īcademic Editor: Julian Parkhill, The Sanger Institute, United KingdomĬitation: Wu D, Daugherty SC, Van Aken SE, Pai GH, Watkins KL, et al. coagulata and other sharpshooters serve as vectors of transmission.įunding. Finally, the genomes of these two symbionts provide potential targets for controlling plant pathogens such as Xylella fastidiosa, a major agroeconomic problem, for which H. In addition, our analysis provides insight for the first time into the differences in symbionts between insects (e.g., aphids) that feed on phloem versus those like H. ![]() This dual symbiosis provides a model case for studying correlated genome evolution and genome reduction involving multiple organisms in an intimate, obligate mutualistic relationship. This finding, along with other results of our genome analysis, suggests the existence of metabolic codependency among the two unrelated endosymbionts and their insect host. muelleri apparently produces most or all of the essential amino acids needed by its host. cicadellinicola devotes a substantial portion of its genome to the biosynthesis of vitamins and cofactors required by animals and lacks most amino acid biosynthetic pathways, whereas S. Our study, which to our knowledge is the first genomic analysis of an obligate symbiosis involving multiple partners, suggests striking complementarity in the biosynthetic capabilities of the two symbionts: B. ![]() cicadellinicola and approximately 150 kilobase pairs of the small genome of S. We report here the sequencing and analysis of the 686,192–base pair genome of B. Phylogenetic studies based on rRNA have shown two types of bacterial symbionts to be coevolving with sharpshooters: the gamma-proteobacterium Baumannia cicadellinicola and the Bacteroidetes species Sulcia muelleri. One such insect is the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca coagulata), which feeds on xylem fluid, a diet exceptionally poor in organic nutrients. The symbionts, by provisioning nutrients lacking from diets, allow various insects to occupy or dominate ecological niches that might otherwise be unavailable. Mutualistic intracellular symbiosis between bacteria and insects is a widespread phenomenon that has contributed to the global success of insects.
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